Starts at 1:06
You will hear extended versions of these basic chords on the track... as is common in jazz of course :)
In theory, you can play C major scale over all of the first 3 chords and then switch to D harmonic minor for the A7 chord.
Scales:
C Major - C D E F G A B (C)
D Harmonic Minor - D E F G A Bb C# (D)
Arpeggios:
Dmin7 arpeggio = d f a c
G7 arpeggio = g b d f
Cmaj7 arpeggio = c e g b
A7 arpeggio = a c# e g
Playing C Major scale will result in C Ionian (Cmaj7 chords), D Dorian (Dm7 chords) and G Mixolydian (G7 chords) - all the same 7 notes...
NOTE: It's only a ONE note difference between C major scale and D harmonic minor scale - as the C becomes a C# and the rest of the 7 notes stay the same.... easy!!
Next up, try out some more advanced colours on the dominant chord (G7/G13) by using the
G diminished 1/2-1 tone svcale = G Ab Bb B C# D E F (G)
And you can also try out the Altered Scale (Superlocrian) on A7!
A Superlocrian Mode - A Bb C C# Eb F G (A)